It is superficial gland, It is easily seen since they are so close to the skin's surface. Disorders of thyroid gland commonly presents as hypothyroidism, goiter and rarely as hyperthyroidism[1]. Thyroid diseases form the major part amongst all the endocrine disorders, are suffering from one or the meajor thyroid disorders.

Thyroid gland is affected by various pathologies of which nodules are the most commonly encountered in clinical practice[2].

Thyroid nodules are palpable thyroid swelling in the gland, majority patient are asymptomatic. The prevalence of thyroid nodules/mass varies with age, affecting most of population older than 45 years age. Thyroid nodules are mostly found in females than in males, Thyroid lesions seen in countries where iodine intake is low[3].

Thyroid nodules are growth of within normal thyroid parenchyma with structural and/or functional changes seen, Thyroid nodules found sometimes incidentally and there is a no any symptoms can be simple nodule if there are absence of thyroid related disorder such as autoimmune disorder, malignancy up to 50 -60 % of patients have a solitary thyroid nodule are seen to have multiple thyroid nodules in ultrasound (US) [4].

Thyroid nodules are mainly seen in adults, prevalence rate of 40 -45% in individuals above aged 60 and above. Among the nodules, only a small amount is cancerous (9-15%), amoung the carcinoma papillary carcinoma is the most commonly seen in histopathology. Although most of predominanant are benign, a small amount of these nodules having malignant potential, thus underscoring the diagnostic precise. Thus, for ensuring the accurate diagnosis of thyroid nodes is crucial to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment and able timely early treatment in cases of the malignancy[5-6].

The source of data is patients referred to the Department of Radio diagnosis, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, M.P. for ultrasonography in thyroid lesions. Patients having thyroid lesions in USG examination were studied. This study consists of approx 50 patients with thyroid lesions detected.

Ultrasonography was performed in a room with dim light. Sonography of neck will be done in all cases with 3-12 MHz (Mega Hertz) high frequency transducer probe. Patients was lying  in a supine position & neck slightly extended  backward. Neck ultrasound scan in grey scale was performed with patient of thyroid disorder of age group more than 18 year of age. Patients having findings of thyroid disorders by ultrasonography was to pathology department for FNAC fine needle aspiration cytology correlation.

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients who are referred to the department for routine checkup of the neck were included.
• Age group more than 18 years
• Patient who are giving consent .

Exclusion Criteria

• Patient who having bleeding disorder
• Patient refused for fine needle aspiration cytology
• Patient not giving consent.
• Congenital thyroid disease

Table 1: Age group Distribution

Table 2: ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSIS

Table 3: SIZE OF THYROID GLAND

Table 4: ECHOTEXTURE OF THYROID PARENCHYMA

Table 5: FNAC REPORT

In the these study, overall mean age are 40.30 ± 12.59 yrs .Narayanakar RP et all.[7], Srinivas MNS et al. [8], Studies also had supportive findings with the present study findings whereas Popli et al. [9] Study was contradict to our study findings. Most common age group was 41-50 years whereas >60 years was least common observed during the study. According to Bhise SV et al. [10] Study, 31-40 years of age group was more common observed during his findings.

In the present study, 30% had colloid goiter, 6% had follicular neoplasm, 2% had medullary carcinoma, 10% had MNG, 2% had Paplillary carcinoma and 50% had thyrodiits. According to Rathod GB et al. Study, 17% had colloid cyst, 30% had multinodular colloid goiter, 30% had colloid goiter, 6% had Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, 8% had follicular lesions, 4% had papillary carcinoma, 2% had anaplastic carcinoma and 3% had indeterminate lesions. Accoridng to Singh P. et al., 65.71% had colloid nodule, 17.14% had colloid goiter with cystic change, 1.43% had lymphocytic thyroiditis, adenomatous goiter, 1.43% had follicular neoplasm, 12.86%  had malignant lesions which included papillary carcinoma (10%) and medullary carcinoma (2.9%).

In the present study, 34.09% had < 5mm of nodule size, 15.91% had 5 mm-1cm of nodule size and 50% had >1 cm of nodule size. According to singh P. et al[11]. Study, 41.43% had < 5mm of nodule size, 38.57% had 5 mm-1cm of nodule size and 20% had >1 cm of nodule size.

In the present study, 30% had colloid goiter, 6% had follicular neoplasm, 2% had medullary carcinoma, 10% had MNG, 2% had Paplillary carcinoma and 50% had thyrodiits.According to Rathod GB et al. Study, 17% had colloid cyst, 30% had multinodular colloid goiter, 30% had colloid goiter, 6% had Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, 8% had follicular lesions, 4% had papillary carcinoma, 2% had anaplastic carcinoma and 3% had indeterminate lesions. Accoridng to Singh P. et al., 65.71% had colloid nodule, 17.14% had colloid goiter with cystic change, 1.43% had lymphocytic thyroiditis, adenomatous goiter, 1.43% had follicular neoplasm, 12.86%  had malignant lesions which included papillary carcinoma (10%) and medullary carcinoma (2.9%).

The presence of hypoechoic nodules, taller than wider with puntate calcification and presence of vascularity is highly specificity for malignant thyroid lesion.

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