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Research Article | Volume 30 Issue 7 (July, 2025) | Pages 294 - 297
To evaluate pelvic organ, prolapse by standardized pop q classification in preoperative and postoperative patients who are undergoing vaginal hysterectomy
 ,
 ,
 ,
1
PG Resident 3rd Year, Dept. of Obstetrician Gynecology, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, M.P.
2
Professor & H.O.D, Dept. of Obstetrician Gynecology, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, M.P.
3
Associate Professor, Dept. of Obstetrician Gynecology, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, M.P.
Under a Creative Commons license
Open Access
Received
June 27, 2025
Revised
July 9, 2025
Accepted
July 21, 2025
Published
July 31, 2025
Abstract

Background & Methods: the aim of the study is to evaluate pelvic organ prolapse by standardized pop q classification in preoperative and postoperative patients who are undergoing vaginal hysterectomy. The source of data for this study is patients referred to the Department of Obstetrics andgynaecology, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas for vaginal hysterectomy. Patients who were found to evaluate POP by POPQ system were studied. This consists of 67patients with POP detected on USG between July 2023 to August2025. Results: In the existing study, 3% had stage I, 34.3% had stage 2, 43.3% had stage 3 and 19.4% had stage 4. Most common stage was stage 3. In the existing study, 1.5% was successful repaired. 28.4% had stage 0, 19.4% had stage 0 to1, 50.8% had stage 1. Conclusion: The highest incidence of these conditions increases with age. Vaginal delivery, compared to LSCS, weakens the perineum regardless of the number of deliveries. The most common symptom is SCOV, with the hymen as the fixed reference point.

Keywords
INTRODUCTION

(POP) is actually down or infront abnormal protrussion of PO from its real positon[1]. It has been read, documented in the oldest literature of Medical Science as old as 1600 BC with is watershed moments. Eber’s parsinoi in 1608 BC described 1st case[2].

 

Disease is common distressing and disabling condition occurring due to weakness in the structures containing forming PF, hence all owing the  viscera of pelvis descends protrude from  vaginal orifice in last  levels of uterine support . It is seen deteriorating quality of life and massively contributed in  intestinel and bladder dyfuntion.  Life expectancy all with expanding elderly population and motherhood has resulted in POP be coming prominent condition[3].

 

POP more common in those who are approaching towards menopause or cessation menstraurating females. Obs accidents and more number of children  both Increases pressures off  abdominal regions and  history of same in 1st degree relatives  are all included in the causation . JJ theory of Fragile collagen making  in child bearing aged women form   clinical background of less age prolapse day today lives. The identification risk factors not needed for Mitotic epidemiologic assess but also therapeutic interest[4].

Symptoms cannot be seen particular with not region specific and are often tough to making with the anatomicals. severity 'bulge' and are seen non-specific many patients had complaint SCOV that is something coming  out of vagina .

 

Sensations likes vaginal heaviness. Burning micturitions same voiding difficulties defecation related things perceived by one.

 

Evaluating flour of pelvic cavity anatomy and week structure intraoitus had beneath foremost any gynae correction since the interpretation of specility .Contemporary understanding dynamics anatomical stuff  lower segment  has led  two various new surgical interventions for POP 4

 

Sx for problem accounts for approximately 20% of non-emergency major gynaecological operations & increases 55 % in gediatric women. The lifetime risk of reoccurings of sugrical correction prol-apse thereby 91%[5].

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Examination for POP is done in dorsal lithotomy position  in OPD. Inspection of the vulva and perineum is done first in preoperative patients after inspection. After inspection, the labia were separated and anyprolapse is to be noted. Prolapse was graded by using the POP Q system. Plane of hymen is defined as zero. There are six defined points of measurements in the POP Q system Aa Ba C D Ap Bp and three other landmarks GH TVL PB Points above hymen were given negative number and points below hymen positive. All the measurements are in cm. The hymen is elected as there reference point rather the introitus because it is more precisely identified.

 

Inclusion criteria:

  • Patient complaining of SCOV.
  • Age 35and above
  • Patient giving consent

 

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnancy or 6 weeks purpuerium
  • Any major illness with those unfit for surgery.

 

Stress urinary incontinence, urge incontinence(sensoryormotor) vault prolapse.

RESULTS

Table No. 1:

Age group

Frequency

Percent

40

3

4.48

41-45

14

20.90

46-50

15

22.39

51-55

16

23.88

56-60

8

11.94

61-65

8

11.94

66-70

3

4.48

Total

67

100.0

 

Table No. 2:

 

Pre

Post

p-value

Aa

1.63±1.16

-1.89±0.48

<0.0001

Ba

2.74±1.55

-1.81±0.54

<0.0001

C

2.38±2.56

-5.77±1.68

<0.0001

D

1.69±2.54

0±0

<0.0001

Ap

1.21±1.33

-1.94±0.4

<0.0001

Bp

1.9±1.51

-1.88±0.78

<0.0001

GH

4.88±1.14

2.47±1.11

<0.0001

TVL

6.9±1.87

8.2±0.52

<0.0001

PB

1.98±0.66

3.01±0.67

<0.0001

 

Table No. 3: Pre-stage

 

Frequency

Percent

STAGE1

2

3.0

STAGE2

23

34.3

STAGE3

29

43.3

STAGE4

13

19.4

Total

67

100.0

 

Table No. 4: Post stage

 

Frequency

Percent

STAGE 0

19

28.4

STAGE0-1

13

 

STAGE 1

34

43.3

SUCCESFULREPAIR

1

1.5

Total

67

100.0

 

DISCUSSION

The primary objective of the study was to classify POP coding to different stages of POP- Q system before and after vaginal hysterectomy and compare both of them for the outcome at Department of Obs and Gynae AIMS, Dewas .

 

The significance of the study is to classify as the POP poQ system is a standard system which is reliable and internationally accepted for descry binghe anatomical position of the pelvic ogans[6].  It is site specific and shows excellent exchanged intra and inter examiner reality and comparing preoperative and postoperative. Comparing preop and postop POP Q is important –

 

For the assessment of surgical outcomes – POP Q classification allows for a standardized assessment of prolapse in preoperatively and postoperatively, hence it gives clear measure of anatomical improvement[7].

 

Identifying Re-occurrence – it can help identify cases where prolapse has returned, even if the initial surgery was successful.

 

Counselling and education– POP Q results can be uskioed to educate patients about the severity of their previous the outcome and the potential risks[8].

 

Research and Quality improvement–comparing pre- and postoperative POP Q data can provide valuable insights for research and quality improvement initiatives[9].

 

The standardized POP Q system jhasa loop lining curve accessing experience is required to exactly pointer interpretation the anatomical points[10].

 

The mean age of women with prolapse is 51.6 years. The maximum women with prolapse aged between 51-55 years. The mean preoperative POP Q of Aa point is 1.63±1.16 and postoperative is -1.89±0.48 , Ba point was 2.74±1.55 and post op was -1.81±0.54 , C is 2.38±1.55 and improved to -5.77±1.68 , D point was 1.69±2.54 after vaginal hysterectomy there is no Point D[11]. Ap was 1.21±1.33 and improved to -1.94±0.4, Bp was 1.9±1.51 and improved to -1.88±0.78,  GH was 4.88±1.14 was improved to 2.47±1.11, total vaginal length (TVL) was 6.9±1.87 was improved to 8.2±0.52. perineal body (PB) was 1.98±0.66 improved to 3.01±0.67. with the p value of <0.0001[11].

CONCLUSION

The highest incidence of these conditions increases with age. Vaginal delivery, compared to LSCS, weakens the perineum regardless of the number of deliveries. The most common symptom is SCOV, with the hymen as the fixed reference point.

REFERENCES
  1. DhamaV, ChaudharyR, SinghS, SinghM.Evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse by standardized pop q system for vaginal hysterectomy.Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol2017;6:2584-8.
  2. McKay WJS. The History of Ancient Gynecology. London, UK: Bailliere, Tindall and Cox; 1901.
  3. Duddalwar VA, Bhalerao A. Comparative Study to Evaluate Intersystem Association between Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System and Simplified Pelvic Organ Prolapse Scoring System. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2021;13(5):325–329.
  4. Bhalerao A, Duddalwar VA. Comparative Study to Evaluate Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System and Simplified Pelvic Organ Prolapse Scoring System by Assessing Anatomical and Functional Outcome in Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse after Surgery. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2019;7(2):71–76.
  5. Olsen AL, Smith VG, Bergstrom JO, Colling JC, Clark AL. Epidemiology of surgically managed pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. Obstet Gynecol.1997;89:501-6.
  6. Thompson CD, Henderson BE, Stanley R. Bladder calculi causing irreducible urogenital prolapse. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Sep 12;2018
  7. Doshani A, Teo RE, Mayne CJ, Tincello DG. Uterine prolapse. BMJ. 2007 Oct 20;335(7624):819-23.
  8. Wu JM, Hundley AF, Fulton RG, Myers ER. Forecasting the prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in U.S. Women: 2010 to 2050. Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Dec;114(6):1278-1283.
  9. DeLancey JO. What's new in the functional anatomy of pelvic organ prolapse? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Oct;28(5):420-9.
  10. Rubod C, Lecomte-Grosbras P, Brieu M, Giraudet G, Betrouni N, Cosson M. 3D simulation of pelvic system numerical simulation for a better understanding of the contribution of the uterine ligaments. Int Urogynecol J. 2013 Aug 20;
  11. Dietz HP, Simpson JM. Levator trauma is associated with pelvic organ prolapse. BJOG. 2008 Jul;115(8):979-84.
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